Did Bjorn Sandvik, upon emailing a buy recommendation to clients, violate any Standards?

Bjorn Sandvik did not violate any Standards by sending a buy recommendation to his clients via email because he acted fairly in disseminating the information. The key principle underlying ethical standards in finance is the fair treatment of clients, which includes ensuring that all clients have access to the same information simultaneously. By emailing the buy recommendation to all clients, Sandvik ensured that everyone received the same timely information and thereby adhered to the requirements of fairness and transparency prescribed by industry standards.

This approach fosters an equitable environment and helps maintain trust between the advisor and clients, as it prevents any perception of favoritism or selective communication. In scenarios where the timing and distribution of information are critical, such actions reinforce the professional duty to treat all clients with the same level of respect and consideration.